Afzal guiding people to the right direction by sharing experiences

Afzalur Rashid

It is my great pleasure to write some easy steps to configure and connects to internet using citycell zoom.
1. Make sure that the USB device is detected properly by typing the following command in any terminal console(Applications->Accesories->Terminal).
afzal@afzal-laptop:~$ lsusb
Bus 008 Device 002: ID 08ff:1600 AuthenTec, Inc. AES1600
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 007 Device 003: ID 12d1:1001 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. E620 USB Modem
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 002: ID 09da:000a A4 Tech Co., Ltd Port Mouse
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 064e:a117 Suyin Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
afzal@afzal-laptop:~$
observe a line like "Bus 007 Device 003: ID 12d1:1001 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd"
and note down the vendorId(in my case 12d1 ) and prduct id (in my case 1001)
2. Now probe the USB device by using the following command

afzal@afzal-laptop:~$ modprobe usbserial vendor=12d1 product=1001

afzal@afzal-laptop:~$

3. Now check whether it is successfully probed by following command

afzal@afzal-laptop:~$dmesg

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset

[ 0.000000] Initializing cgroup subsys cpu

[ 0.000000] Linux version 2.6.32-22-generic (buildd@palmer) (gcc version 4.4.3 (Ubuntu 4.4.3-4ubuntu5) ) #36-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 3 22:02:19 UTC 2010 (Ubunt

u 2.6.32-22.36-generic 2.6.32.11+drm33.2)

[ 0.000000] KERNEL supported cpus:

[ 0.000000] Intel GenuineIntel

[ 0.000000] AMD AuthenticAMD

[ 0.000000] NSC Geode by NSC

[ 0.000000] Cyrix CyrixInstead

[ 0.000000] Centaur CentaurHauls

[ 0.000000] Transmet GenuineTMx86

[ 0.000000] Transmet TransmetCPU

[ 0.000000] UMC UMC UMC UMC

[ 0.000000] BIOS-provided physical RAM map:

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 00000000bb974000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bb974000 - 00000000bb9bf000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bb9bf000 - 00000000bba83000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bba83000 - 00000000bbabf000 (ACPI NVS)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bbabf000 - 00000000bbaec000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bbaec000 - 00000000bbaff000 (ACPI data)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bbaff000 - 00000000bbb00000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000bbb00000 - 00000000c0000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000f8000000 - 00000000fc000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec01000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fed10000 - 00000000fed14000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fed18000 - 00000000fed1a000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fed1c000 - 00000000fed20000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 00000000fff00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 0000000100000000 - 0000000140000000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] DMI 2.4 present.

[ 0.000000] last_pfn = 0xbbb00 max_arch_pfn = 0x100000

[ 0.000000] MTRR default type: uncachable

[ 0.000000] MTRR fixed ranges enabled:

[ 0.000000] 00000-9FFFF write-back

[ 0.000000] A0000-BFFFF uncachable

[ 0.000000] C0000-DFFFF write-protect

[ 0.000000] E0000-EFFFF uncachable

[ 0.000000] F0000-FFFFF write-protect

[ 0.000000] MTRR variable ranges enabled:

[ 0.000000] 0 base 0FFFE0000 mask FFFFE0000 write-protect

[ 0.000000] 1 base 000000000 mask F80000000 write-back

[ 0.000000] 2 base 080000000 mask FC0000000 write-back

[ 0.000000] 3 base 0BC000000 mask FFC000000 uncachable

[ 0.000000] 4 base 0BBC00000 mask FFFC00000 uncachable

[ 0.000000] 5 base 0BBB00000 mask FFFF00000 uncachable

[ 0.000000] 6 base 100000000 mask FC0000000 write-back

[ 0.000000] 7 disabled

[ 0.000000] x86 PAT enabled: cpu 0, old 0x7040600070406, new 0x7010600070106

[ 0.000000] e820 update range: 0000000000002000 - 0000000000006000 (usable) ==> (reserved)

[ 0.000000] Scanning 1 areas for low memory corruption

[ 0.000000] modified physical RAM map:

[ 0.000000] modified: 0000000000000000 - 0000000000002000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 0000000000002000 - 0000000000006000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 0000000000006000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 0000000000100000 - 00000000bb974000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bb974000 - 00000000bb9bf000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bb9bf000 - 00000000bba83000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bba83000 - 00000000bbabf000 (ACPI NVS)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bbabf000 - 00000000bbaec000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bbaec000 - 00000000bbaff000 (ACPI data)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bbaff000 - 00000000bbb00000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000bbb00000 - 00000000c0000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000f8000000 - 00000000fc000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec01000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fed10000 - 00000000fed14000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fed18000 - 00000000fed1a000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fed1c000 - 00000000fed20000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fee00000 - 00000000fee01000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 00000000fff00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)

[ 0.000000] modified: 0000000100000000 - 0000000140000000 (usable)

[ 0.000000] initial memory mapped : 0 - 00c00000

[ 0.000000] init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-00000000377fe000

[ 0.000000] Using x86 segment limits to approximate NX protection

[ 0.000000] 0000000000 - 0000400000 page 4k

[ 0.000000] 0000400000 - 0037400000 page 2M

[ 0.000000] 0037400000 - 00377fe000 page 4k

[ 0.000000] kernel direct mapping tables up to 377fe000 @ 7000-c000

[ 0.000000] RAMDISK: 37858000 - 37fefc91

[ 0.000000] Allocated new RAMDISK: 008de000 - 01075c91

[ 0.000000] Move RAMDISK from 0000000037858000 - 0000000037fefc90 to 008de000 - 01075c90

[ 0.000000] ACPI: RSDP 000fe020 00024 (v02 ACRSYS)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: XSDT bbafe120 00064 (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACP bbafd000 000F4 (v04 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: DSDT bbaee000 092C9 (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: FACS bba8f000 00040

[ 0.000000] ACPI: HPET bbafc000 00038 (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: APIC bbafb000 0006C (v02 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: MCFG bbafa000 0003C (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: ASF! bbaf9000 000A5 (v32 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: NSLI bbaf8000 00176 (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: BOOT bbaed000 00028 (v01 ACRSYS ACRPRDCT 00000001 1025 01000013)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: SSDT bbaec000 00655 (v01 PmRef CpuPm 00003000 INTL 20051117)

[ 0.000000] ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfee00000

[ 0.000000] 2115MB HIGHMEM available.

[ 0.000000] 887MB LOWMEM available.

[ 0.000000] mapped low ram: 0 - 377fe000

[ 0.000000] low ram: 0 - 377fe000

[ 0.000000] node 0 low ram: 00000000 - 377fe000

[ 0.000000] node 0 bootmap 00008000 - 0000ef00

[ 0.000000] (9 early reservations) ==> bootmem [0000000000 - 00377fe000]

[ 0.000000] #0 [0000000000 - 0000001000] BIOS data page ==> [0000000000 - 0000001000]

[ 0.000000] #1 [0000001000 - 0000002000] EX TRAMPOLINE ==> [0000001000 - 0000002000]

[ 0.000000] #2 [0000006000 - 0000007000] TRAMPOLINE ==> [0000006000 - 0000007000]

[ 0.000000] #3 [0000100000 - 00008d9e98] TEXT DATA BSS ==> [0000100000 - 00008d9e98]

[ 0.000000] #4 [000009fc00 - 0000100000] BIOS reserved ==> [000009fc00 - 0000100000]

[ 0.000000] #5 [00008da000 - 00008dd1ac] BRK ==> [00008da000 - 00008dd1ac]

[ 0.000000] #6 [0000007000 - 0000008000] PGTABLE ==> [0000007000 - 0000008000]

[ 0.000000] #7 [00008de000 - 0001075c91] NEW RAMDISK ==> [00008de000 - 0001075c91]

[ 0.000000] #8 [0000008000 - 000000f000] BOOTMAP ==> [0000008000 - 000000f000]

[ 0.000000] Zone PFN ranges:

[ 0.000000] DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00001000

[ 0.000000] Normal 0x00001000 -> 0x000377fe

[ 0.000000] HighMem 0x000377fe -> 0x000bbb00

[ 0.000000] Movable zone start PFN for each node

[ 0.000000] early_node_map[6] active PFN ranges

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x00000000 -> 0x00000002

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x00000006 -> 0x0000009f

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x00000100 -> 0x000bb974

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x000bb9bf -> 0x000bba83

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x000bbabf -> 0x000bbaec

[ 0.000000] 0: 0x000bbaff -> 0x000bbb00

[ 0.000000] On node 0 totalpages: 768513

Note: if you can not see entire message please use 'dmesg|more' to see output page by page

4. Now configure wvdial.conf in your favorite text editor.

afzal@afzal-laptop:~$ sudo gedit /etc/wvdial.conf

enter your root password

paste the following in /etc/wvdial.conf file and save

[Modem]

Init1 = ATZ

Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0

Modem Type = Analog Modem

ISDN = 0

Phone = #777

New PPPD = yes

Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0

Username = waps

Password = waps

Baud = 9600

[Dialer cdma]

Username = waps

Password = waps

Phone = #777

Stupid Mode=1

Inherits=Modem

5. After saving wvdial.conf file , you are done configuring your device, now you can connect to internet by typing the following command

afzal@afzal-laptop:~$ sudo wvdial cdma

--> WvDial: Internet dialer version 1.60

--> Cannot get information for serial port.

--> Initializing modem.

--> Sending: ATZ

--> Sending: ATQ0

ATQ0

OK

--> Re-Sending: ATZ

OK

--> Cannot get information for serial port.

--> Initializing modem.

--> Sending: ATZ

ATZ

OK

--> Sending: ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0

ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0

OK

--> Modem initialized.

--> Sending: ATDT#777

--> Waiting for carrier.

ATDT#777

--> Timed out while dialing. Trying again.

--> Sending: ATDT#777

--> Waiting for carrier.

--> Timed out while dialing. Trying again.

--> Sending: ATDT#777

--> Waiting for carrier.

ATDT#777

CONNECT 230400

--> Carrier detected. Starting PPP immediately.

--> Starting pppd at Thu Aug 5 13:03:08 2010

--> Pid of pppd: 2344

--> Using interface ppp0

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> local IP address 10.1.104.8

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> remote IP address 2.2.2.2

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> primary DNS address 117.18.224.146

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

--> secondary DNS address 117.18.224.147

--> pppd: �50[08]�40[08]

To disconnect press CTRL+C

Cooooooool , you are now connected to internet using your citycell zoom. happy browsing!!!

Feel free to comment in case you find any difficulty installing the same in your machine.

T

Afzalur Rashid

Cause

Grub was installed to the boot sector of the Windows System Partition. So when trying to boot Windows, the Grub code in the Windows boot sector is activated and the Grub menu appears. Sometimes Grub is not installed correctly, resulting in various different errors. Running the boot info script is an easy way to diagnose this problem. It will show the the "Boot sector type" of the Windows system partition as some version of Grub.

Solution

You can repair the boot sector of Windows system partition via "fixboot" from a Windows XP CD, or "bootrect /fixboot" from a Windows Vista/7 CD. But in my experience testdisk works best in this situation. So boot into a Linux OS or Live CD. If your system uses "apt-get" and has "testdisk" in its repositories (in Ubuntu: the universe repository needs to be enabled), you can install and run testdisk via

sudo apt-get install testdisk
   sudo testdisk

or you can download the tar.bz2 file of the newest version from testdisk to your desktop and install and run it via

cd ~/Desktop
  tar -xvf testdisk-*linux*.tar.bz2 
  sudo testdisk-*/linux/testdisk_static

In either case:

First   screen:  Select "No Log" and press enter.
  Second  screen:  Select the hard drive containing  the Windows system partition and  choose "proceed".
  Third   screen:  "intel"
  Fourth  screen:  "advanced",
  Fifth   screen:  Select the Windows system partition  and choose "boot"
  Sixth   screen:  "BackupBS"
  Seventh screen:  type "Y" to confirm

then press "q" a few times to quit testdisk, reboot and see whether you can boot into Windows. If the sixth screen did not have a "BackupBS" tab, it usually means that the original and backup boot sector are identical, and you are probably suffering from a different problem. But it could also mean that your backup boot sector is corrupted, in which case you will of to use "fixboot" from a Windows CD to repair the boot sector.
After you fixed the Windows boot sector, you might have to update the Grub Menu. For Grub 2 just run

sudo update-grub

Afzalur Rashid

How to install and configure OpenLdap in Ubuntu 9.10

Afzalur Rashid

In Ubuntu 9.10 Karmic Koala the installation of OpenLDAP got a bit complicated. Upon installation you are not asked for your password anymore, and you have to set up the database yourself. And this is only possible using the OpenLDAP server's root account. Yes, you read correctly: only a very minimal cn=config is provided by default.

There is an official statement about this [1] (in short: this is part of a future strategy to bring OpenLDAP to a broader spectrum - keyword: Kerberos), but unfortunately there is neither (november 4th, 2009) an official nor an inofficial HowTo on how to set up the whole thing. So here is my take:

First, install OpenLDAP:

Code:

sudo apt-get -y install slapd ldap-utils

A dpkg-reconfigure slapd is useless btw.

Now add a few schemata (only core.schema is provided by default):

Code:

sudo ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/ldap/schema/cosine.ldif
sudo ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/ldap/schema/inetorgperson.ldif
sudo ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /etc/ldap/schema/nis.ldif

After that, we set up the initial cn=config database. Open a temporary file in your favourite text editor:

Code:

sudo gedit /home/afzal/rootdb.ldif

and insert the following listing:

Code:

###########################################################
# DATABASE SETUP
###########################################################

# Load modules for database type
dn: cn=module{0},cn=config
objectClass: olcModuleList
cn: module{0}
olcModulePath: /usr/lib/ldap
olcModuleLoad: {0}back_hdb

# Create directory database
dn: olcDatabase={1}hdb,cn=config
objectClass: olcDatabaseConfig
objectClass: olcHdbConfig
olcDatabase: {1}hdb
olcDbDirectory: /var/lib/ldap
olcSuffix: dc=afzal,dc=com
olcRootDN: cn=admin,dc=afzal,dc=com
olcRootPW: secret
olcAccess: {0}to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange by dn="cn=admin,dc=afzal,d
 c=com" write by anonymous auth by self write by * none
olcAccess: {1}to dn.base="" by * read
olcAccess: {2}to * by dn="cn=admin,dc=afzal,dc=com" write by * read
olcLastMod: TRUE
olcDbCheckpoint: 512 30
olcDbConfig: {0}set_cachesize 0 2097152 0
olcDbConfig: {1}set_lk_max_objects 1500
olcDbConfig: {2}set_lk_max_locks 1500
olcDbConfig: {3}set_lk_max_lockers 1500
olcDbIndex: uid pres,eq
olcDbIndex: cn,sn,mail pres,eq,approx,sub
olcDbIndex: objectClass eq


###########################################################
# DEFAULTS MODIFICATION
###########################################################
# Some of the defaults need to be modified in order to allow
# remote access to the LDAP config. Otherwise only root
# will have administrative access.

dn: cn=config
changetype: modify
delete: olcAuthzRegexp

dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config
changetype: modify
delete: olcAccess

dn: olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config
changetype: modify
add: olcRootPW
olcRootPW: {CRYPT}7hzU8RaZxaGi2

dn: olcDatabase={0}config,cn=config
changetype: modify
delete: olcAccess

Apply this configuration with the following command:

Code:

sudo ldapadd -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// -f /home/afzal/rootdb.ldif

This creates an administrative LDAP user cn=admin,dc=home,dc=com with the password 1234. Be aware: from now on this user has all privileges on your LDAP-server!

Now set up a minimal LDAP DIT. Open another temporary file:

Code:

sudo gedit /home/afzal/base.ldif

and insert the following:

Code:

# Tree root
dn: dc=afzal,dc=com
objectClass: dcObject
objectClass: organization
o: escenic
dc: escenic
description: Afzal's ldap system

# LDAP admin
dn: cn=admin,dc=afzal,dc=com
objectClass: simpleSecurityObject
objectClass: organizationalRole
cn: admin
userPassword: secret
description: LDAP administrator

#index objectClass,uid,member eq
#index cn,mail,sn,givenname   eq,subinitial

...and apply it:

Code:

sudo ldapadd -x -D cn=admin,dc=afzal,dc=com -W -f /home/afzal/base.ldif

when asked for a password, enter secret. From now on you should be on the level of a fresh OpenLDAP installation in Jaunty. The rest is your part.

Your LDAP DIT (this time as anonymous user - hence no password is shown for your cn=admin,dc=afzal,dc=com):

Code:

sudo ldapsearch -xLLL -b dc=afzal,dc=com

Afzalur Rashid

Get rid of ubuntu 9.10 speed

Afzalur Rashid

HOW TO: Wrong/Low Resolution and flicker

The Xorg server - the code that provides a graphic display - is very good about determining what an attached monitor can do. There are limitations.

This HOWTO explains one process for obtaining a rock-solid graphics screen within the constraints of your hardware's abilities. There are many other ways to do this.

Overview of the problem:

When Xorg starts, it tries to figure out what kind of monitor you have via DDC/CI and EDID protocols. If your monitor and cabling are first-rate, you will never need to care about any of this. (Yay!)

If not, Xorg will pick a "safe" VESA resolution and use that: probably not at all what you expected, and not likely to be satisfactory. (Grr.)

Lucky for us all, Xorg is highly configurable and it's very easy to get the exact resolution(s) that you want, deserve, and yes, paid-for with your invested time.

Warning: If you are terrified by a Linux command line, at least TRY to follow this procedure. It won't hurt you and it will help.

Still with me? Then let's proceed:

Step #1: What kind of monitor do you have? What are its capabilities? What is its maximum resolution?

Virtually every monitor vendor will publish the specifications for their products on the web. You can find them if you just look but first, you'll need the Vendor Name and Model of that monitor. It will be printed on a plate or tag, glued, screwed, or riveted to the back, top, bottom, or side of your monitor. Go look for it now. Write that information down and keep it handy.

Step #2: Fetch your specs.

Bring up a browser window and search for that model eg, 'dell 3007wfphc'.

Look for any site with details and specifications; the vendor's site is best, but most review sites will provide specifications too.

Ideally, you will find the "Horizontal Sync" range, expressed in kilohertz (KHz or khz), and the "Vertical Refresh" range, expressed in hertz (Hz).

If you found that, write it down like:
Code:
HorizSync 49.31 - 98.71
VertRefresh 60
and proceed to Step #4.

If not, then look for the "Maximum Resolution". This will be listed as something like "2560 x 1600 at 60Hz". Write that down.

Step #3: Calculate the frequencies from the specified resolution.

Open a terminal window (Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal) and enter
Code:
cvt 2560 1600 60
Hit Enter. This will output the following
Code:
# 2560x1600 59.99 Hz (CVT 4.10MA) hsync: 99.46 kHz; pclk: 348.50 MHz
Modeline "2560x1600_60.00"  348.50  2560 2760 3032 3504  1600 1603 1609 1658 -hsync +vsync
Aha! The vertical refresh will be exactly 59.99Hz and the horizontal sync will be 99.46KHz. Write it down as:
Code:
HorizSync 99.46
VertRefresh 59.99

Step #4: Create a basic xorg.conf

Write the following commands down on paper because we're going to turn off the GUI and run a few commands from the console.

Flip to the text console via Ctrl+Alt+F1 and log in.

Execute these commands:
Code:
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm stop
sudo X -configure
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm start ; exit
(ignore any notices about the "new" way of starting/stopping services - those "new" ways work, and so does this way, but this way works on all releases)

You're back at the GUI login screen, so log in and bring up the rest of these directions.

Step #5: Edit the basic configuration.

Edit the new configuration by opening a terminal window and running the following command:
Code:
sudo gedit xorg.conf.new
Scroll down to the entry
Code:
Section "Monitor"
      Identifier   "Monitor0"
      VendorName   "Monitor Vendor"
      ModelName    "Monitor Model"
EndSection
Add lines after the Identifier label to include the values you found (or calculated). The entry for that Dell monitor will look like:
Code:
Section "Monitor"
      Identifier   "Monitor0"
      HorizSync    49.31 - 98.71
      VertRefresh  60.0
        VendorName   "Monitor Vendor"
      ModelName    "Monitor Model"
EndSection
Note: If you appreciate details, fill in the VendorName and ModelName values (within quotes) like
Code:
Section "Monitor"
      Identifier   "Monitor0"
      HorizSync    49.31 - 98.71
      VertRefresh  60.0
      VendorName   "Dell"
      ModelName    "3007WFP-HC"
EndSection

Step #6: Save the new configuration.

Save that file. Then click File -> Save As (in gedit) and save the file as /etc/X11/xorg.conf then exit gedit.

Now, you have a new Xorg configuration installed where Xorg can see it, and you have a backup in your home folder.

Step #7: Restart X and test.

In the terminal window, enter
Code:
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart
You'll be logged off and the login screen should appear a few seconds later at full resolution. Congratulations, you have just done what your graphics card tried to do, but failed.

------

YIKES: If the screen goes black and stays that way, then you have either not provided the correct information for your monitor or your graphics card cannot run that monitor at these frequencies. Here's how you get back to low-res graphics mode:

Flip to the console via Ctrl+Alt+F1 and log in. Run these commands:

Code:

sudo rm -f /etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart ; exit

Now you can start over from Step #1, and find YOUR monitor's specifications. If you're very sure you have the correct numbers, then it is possible that your graphics card can't operate at the required frequencies. Replace it.

--

For further information on xorg.conf, bring up a terminal window and run

Code:

man xorg.conf

For further information on the Xorg server, bring up a terminal window and run

Code:

man X

Comments are always welcome.

Afzalur Rashid

I thought it would be a good idea to share our country information for all of them who belongs to other nation. Please go through the video clip and of course ask question if you need to know more about it. I can share you more video and textual content if you have interest.

For tourism related information please visit:
http://bangladesh.saarctourism.org/

or keep eyes open for:

Culture of Bangladesh

The Bengal region has a multifaceted folk heritage, enriched by its ancient animist, Buddhist, Hindu, and Muslim roots. Weaving, pottery and terracotta sculpture are some of the earliest forms of artistic expression. The best known literature of Bangladesh is the work of the great Bengali poets Rabindranath Tagore and Nasrul Islam. Folk theatre is common at the village level and usually takes place during harvest time or at melas (village fairs). There are many folk dances, but classical dance is largely borrowed from Indian models and is frowned upon by the more severe religious leaders.

Bangladesh's Muslims and Hindus live in relative harmony. The Muslim majority has religious leaders, pirs, whose status straddles the gap between that of a bishop and that of a sage. Hinduism in Bangladesh lacks the pomp and awe of the Indian version, but consequently Hindu ceremonies are rarely conducted in the depths of temples to which access is restricted. People here are very willing for you to watch and even participate. Buddhists today form only a tiny minority of the population. It's worth noting that the Bangladeshi pride in ancestry is balanced by the Islamic slant of the country's intellectual life which tends to deny the achievements of the preceding Hindu and Buddhist cultures.

Muslim festivals follow a lunar calendar. At the beginning of the year, Ramadan is a month-long period of fasting in February/March. At the full moon 14 days before the start of Ramadan, Shab-e-Barat is a sacred night when alms and sweets are distributed to the poor. Hindu festivals follow a different calendar but they generally fall at much the same date each year. The Holi Festival or Festival of Colours, commonly known as the spring festival, is celebrated in the first week of March. Durga Puja is celebrated during October, and statues of the goddess astride a lion, with her ten hands holding ten different weapons, are placed in every Hindu temple.

A typical Bangladeshi meal consists of beef (or sometimes mutton, chicken, fish or egg) and vegetables cooked in a hot spicy sauce, yellow watery lentils (dal) and plain rice. Fish is part of the staple diet; however, over-fishing has led to a scarcity of river fish and more sea fish are appearing on menus. Alcoholic drinks are not widely available; head for five-star hotels and ritzier restaurants when you want a tipple.

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